Jain Temple
The Jain Temple, also known as the Jain Narayana Temple, is a solitary but impressive structure located away from the main cluster of Hindu temples in Pattadakal. Believed to have been built in the 9th century CE, it is the last major monument constructed at the site and stands as a remarkable examp le of Dravidian architecture, although its patronage is generally attributed to the Rashtrakuta dynasty, likely King Amoghavarsha I or his successor Krishna II, after the decline of the Chalukya power. This temple is dedicated to the 23rd Tirthankara, Lord Parshvanatha, and its existence highlights the religious tolerance and diverse patronage that defined the Deccan region during this period. Built on a high, intricately moulded platform (Adhishthana), the temple is characterized by its large, open pillared hall (Mukhamandapa) featuring sixteen round pillars and a significant stone bench (Kakshasana) with a backrest running along the periphery, providing a place for contemplation. Although the main idol is now missing, the temple's walls and pillars feature carvings of Jinas, Yakshas, and Yakshis, affirming its Jain affiliation. The complex was carefully restored by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in the early 2000s, including the restoration of the circumambulatory path's exterior wall. The temple offers a peaceful and structurally distinct experience from the Shiva temples, providing a complete view of Pattadakal's architectural and religious scope. (Word Count: Approx. 396 words):
General information
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Ideal Duration:
30-45 Minutes:Place Type:
Ancient Jain Temple (Dedicated to Lord ParshvanathEntry Fees:
ASI Entry Fee Structure: Access to the Jain Narayana Temple is included in the consolidated entry ticket for the Pattadakal Group of Monuments, which is managed by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The fee is approximately INR 40 for Indian adults and higher for for...ASI Entry Fee Structure: Access to the Jain Narayana Temple is included in the consolidated entry ticket for the Pattadakal Group of Monuments, which is managed by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). The fee is approximately INR 40 for Indian adults and higher for foreign nationals (around INR 500 or equivalent USD 5 as per general rates, subject to current revisions).
Importance of the Consolidated Ticket: Visitors must note that the main complex ticket covers this site, even though it is located separately, about 1 KM away. It is crucial to retain the ticket to show the guard at this temple as well.
Camera Charges: Nominal charges (around INR 25) may apply for professional video equipment, but casual photography is covered by the main ticket. The fee structure ensures the maintenance and protection of this historical structure.
Timing:
Regular Timings: The temple follows the standard hours of the ASI protected monuments in Pattadakal, generally open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM daily.
Ideal Visit Time: The best time to visit this temple is either early morning (around 9:00 AM) ...Regular Timings: The temple follows the standard hours of the ASI protected monuments in Pattadakal, generally open from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM daily.
Ideal Visit Time: The best time to visit this temple is either early morning (around 9:00 AM) or late afternoon (around 4:00 PM). The isolated location means the temple receives full sunlight, making midday visits uncomfortable. Late afternoon, in particular, offers a soft, warm light that beautifully illuminates the temple's façade and the intricate carvings on the high plinth, enhancing the photographic opportunities and providing a quiet, meditative experience.
Special Events:
Jain Festival Observance: While not a frequent public spectacle, the temple is occasionally used for special rites and Jain festival observances, particularly those related to Lord Parshvanatha or during the auspicious Jain month of Paryushana (August/September). These even...Jain Festival Observance: While not a frequent public spectacle, the temple is occasionally used for special rites and Jain festival observances, particularly those related to Lord Parshvanatha or during the auspicious Jain month of Paryushana (August/September). These events, which are generally solemn and devotional, draw the local Jain community and offer a rare glimpse into the living religious use of the ancient structure. Visitors should inquire locally about such dates but must maintain the highest respect and decorum if a ceremony is in progress, as the temple is a protected monument with active religious significance.
Best Photo Spots:
The Grand Entrance View: The best photo spot is from a short distance on the approach road, capturing the temple's commanding presence on its high plinth against the backdrop of the fields, emphasizing its solitary and distinct nature, especially with the large elephant stat...The Grand Entrance View: The best photo spot is from a short distance on the approach road, capturing the temple's commanding presence on its high plinth against the backdrop of the fields, emphasizing its solitary and distinct nature, especially with the large elephant statues at the entrance.
Interior Makara Torana: A close-up shot of the intricately carved crocodile arch (Makara Torana) over the sanctum door is essential, focusing on the detail and craftsmanship of the floriated tails and the mythological creatures.
Kakshasana Backrest Details: Detailed macro shots of the decorative carvings on the external backrest of the stone bench, especially the Ghata-Pallava motif and the Nidhi figures, offer unique photographic subjects that highlight the temple's subtle ornamental wealth.
Photo Gallery
Things To Do
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Contemplative Stone Bench Sitting: Spend time sitting on the smooth, polished stone Kakshasana (seating bench) in the Mukhamandapa (front hall) to absorb the peaceful atmosphere and contemplate the artistry of the surrounding pillars and the Makara Torana. This provides a moment of rest and an authentic experience of the temple's original function as a place of gathering and reflection.
Study the Makara Torana: Dedicate time to closely examine the exquisite carving of the crocodile arch (Makara Torana) above the sanctum entrance. Notice the intricate florid tails of the mythological crocodiles and the detailed work, which is one of the most celebrated features of the temple. Use the opportunity for detailed close-up photography.
The High Plinth Walk: Circumnavigate the temple on its high platf...
Information
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Why Famous:
Religious Diversity Landmark: The Jain Narayana Temple is famously important as the sole Jain sanctuary among the predominantly Hindu complex of temples at Pattadakal, signifying the peaceful co-existence and patronage of multiple faiths under the Chalukya and Rashtrakuta dy...Religious Diversity Landmark: The Jain Narayana Temple is famously important as the sole Jain sanctuary among the predominantly Hindu complex of temples at Pattadakal, signifying the peaceful co-existence and patronage of multiple faiths under the Chalukya and Rashtrakuta dynasties. This diversity is a crucial part of Pattadakal's UNESCO World Heritage significance.
Rashtrakuta Influence: The temple is one of the latest major constructions at the site, likely commissioned by the Rashtrakuta rulers in the 9th century. This shift in patronage and architectural influence marks the transition of power in the Deccan, making it a vital historical marker for scholars studying the post-Chalukyan period, and demonstrating the continuity of the local architectural school.
Makara Torana Masterpiece: Its fame is enhanced by the stunning, intricately carved Makara Torana (crocodile arch) that crowns the entrance to the sanctuary, a highly ornate element that showcases the superior craftsmanship of the artisans who worked on the temple, making it a distinct and admired feature of the temple.
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Architecture:
Architecture Style and Features: The Jain Temple is constructed in the Dravidian style, reflecting the architectural tradition perfected by the Chalukyas and subsequently adopted and elaborated upon by the Rashtrakutas. It is notable for its high, characteristic plinth (Adh...Architecture Style and Features: The Jain Temple is constructed in the Dravidian style, reflecting the architectural tradition perfected by the Chalukyas and subsequently adopted and elaborated upon by the Rashtrakutas. It is notable for its high, characteristic plinth (Adhishthana) and the presence of a square sanctuary (Garbhagriha), a circumambulatory path (Pradakshinapatha), and a large, multi-pillared hall (Mukhamandapa). The hall is distinguished by a low stone seating bench (Kakshasana) with an external backrest that is decorated with auspicious symbols like the Ghata-Pallava, figures of dwarves, and the wealth symbols of Sankhanidhi and Padma-Nidhi.
Dimensions and Key Elements: The temple is built on an elevated platform, giving it a commanding presence. The Mukhamandapa is quite large, supported by sixteen round, unadorned pillars, leading to an interior hall (Rangamandapa) with four more pillars. The most impressive feature is the entrance doorway to the sanctum (Garbhagriha), which is crowned by an elaborate crocodile arch (Makara Torana), intricately carved with floriated tails. The temple once had a two-tiered superstructure (Vimana), characteristic of the Dravidian style, though the exact dimensions of the tower are not widely published. The exterior walls are symmetrically recessed with offsets, relieving the surface's plainness and enhancing the temple's structural volume.
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How To Reach:
By Air: The nearest air travel option is Hubballi Airport (HBX), which is approximately 140 KM away, offering domestic flights. A taxi is the most convenient option for the 3-4 hour drive to Pattadakal. Belgaum Airport (IXG), around 180 KM away, is another viable option. <... -
Near Tourist Places:
Badami Cave Temples (22 KM) Aihole Temple Complex (13 KM) Bhutanatha Group of Temples, Badami (23 KM) Malaprabha River Viewpoint (1. 5 KM) Mahakuta Group of Temples (10 KM) Papanatha Temple (1. 5 KM) Virupaksha Temple (1 KM) Kashi Vishwanatha Temple (1 KM) Mallikarjuna Temple (1 KM) Sangameshwara Temple (1 KM)
Tourism Tips
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Health & safety: Carry insect repellent, especially during the monsoon, as the temple is more isolated and surrounded by fields. Be mindful of the high plinth; children and the elderly should use caution on the steps. Respect the sanctity of the Jain shrine and the quiet ...
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