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History Of Silent Valley National Park
Palakkad, Kerala, India
The Silent Valley National Park is a magnificent natural reserve located in the Nilgiri Hills of the Western Ghats, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is situated in the Mannarkkad taluk of Palakkad district and represents one of the last remaining undisturbed tracts of tropical evergreen rainforest i n India. Spanning a core area of approximately 89.52 sq. km, the park is a true sanctuary for a staggering diversity of flora and fauna. Its name is rumored to stem from the perceived absence of noisy cicadas, though a more romantic legend attributes it to a serene stillness that pervades the valley. The park is drained by the Kunthipuzha River, a tributary of the Bharathappuzha, which flows through the valley and is renowned for its unpolluted, crystal-clear water. The Silent Valley rose to national and international prominence in the 1970s due to the landmark "Save Silent Valley" movement. This was a massive environmental and public movement that successfully protested the proposed construction of a hydroelectric dam across the Kunthipuzha River, which would have submerged a significant portion of the pristine forest. The movement's success is a triumph for conservation in India, leading to the area being declared a National Park in 1984 and formally inaugurated by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi in 1985. The park is an integral part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and is a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot. It is particularly famous as the primary habitat for the endangered Lion-Tailed Macaque (Macaca silenus), a primate species endemic to the Western Ghats. Other notable fauna include the Nilgiri Langur, Malabar Giant Squirrel, Indian Elephant, and various species of highly rare birds and reptiles. Visitors must enter through the Mukkali check post, from where safaris and guided treks are arranged to the core area known as Sairandhri. The area around Sairandhri is the most popular point, offering breathtaking views of the surrounding valley and the Kunthipuzha River. The park is purely a conservation area, and tourism is strictly regulated to ensure the minimal possible impact on its fragile ecosystem.
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